| Solaris Systems Programming |
Index |
 |
Index for Solaris Systems Programming
., see current directory
.., see parent directory
#!, see interpreter files
# string creation operator, 279, 300
4.1BSD, 45
4.2BSD, 45, 718, 724, 744, 812
4.3BSD, 46, 48, 703, 724, 1047, 1155
64-bit clean programs, writing, 32-38
64-bit programming, 31-39
64-bit programs
compiling, 38-39
installing, 38-39
A
abort function, 22, 605, 640, 672, 674, 704, 708, 710, 725, 755-757, 761-762, 775-776, 803, 1119
definition of, 776
source code, 777
absolute pathname, 8, 11, 126, 238, 270, 344, 386, 405-406, 437, 592, 595, 609-610, 662
definition of, 8
ac_btime member, 671
definition of, 671
access control list, see ACL
access function, 349, 365-367, 382, 388, 515, 667-668, 726, 780, 843
definition of, 365
access permissions, file, 362-365
access time
changing file, 390-392
definition of, 418
ac_comm member, 672
definition of, 671
ACCOUNTING constant, 263
accounting, process, 670-676
acct structure, 671
definition of, 671
ACCTF constant, 671
accton program, 670, 674
ac_etime member, definition of, 671
ac_flag member, 671
definition of, 671
ac_gid member, definition of, 671
ac_io constant, 676
definition of, 671
ACL (access control list), 23, 579-590
ACL entry
CLASS_OBJ, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_CLASS_OBJ, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_GROUP, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_GROUP_OBJ, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_OTHER_OBJ, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_USER, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_USER_OBJ, 583, 586, 589-590
GROUP, 583, 586, 589-590
GROUP_OBJ, 583, 585, 589-590
OTHER_OBJ, 583, 585, 589-590
USER, 583, 585-586, 589-590
USER_OBJ, 583, 585, 589-590
acl function, 581-582, 585-586, 588
definition of, 581
acl structure, 581-583
definition of, 581
aclcheck function, 584-588
definition of, 584
aclfrommode function, 588-589
definition of, 589
aclfromtext function, 582-584, 586-587
definition of, 582
aclsort function, 589-590
definition of, 589
acltomode function, 588-589
definition of, 589
acltotext function, 582-585
definition of, 582
ac_mem member, definition of, 671
ac_rw member, definition of, 671
ac_stat member, 671, 674-675
definition of, 671
ac_stime member, definition of, 671
actime member, definition of, 391
actions, resource control, 309-310
ac_tty member, definition of, 671
ac_uid member, definition of, 671
ac_utime member, definition of, 671
adjtime function, 205-206
definition of, 206
advisory record locking, 521-522
definition of, 512
AEXPND constant, 671
AF_INET constant, 556, 559
AF_INET6 constant, 556, 559
AF_NCA constant, 559
AFORK constant, 671-672, 675
Aho, Alfred, 663, 1153
a_id member, 583
definition of, 581
aiocancel function, 553
definition of, 553
aio_cancel function, 553
aio_errno member, 551
definition of, 551
aio_error function, 726
AIO_INPROGRESS constant, 551
AIO_LISTIO_MAX constant, 284
AIO_MAX constant, 284
AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX constant, 284
aioread function, 551-553
definition of, 551
aio_read function, 551, 553
aio_result_t structure, 551-552
definition of, 551
aio_return function, 726
aio_return member, 551
definition of, 551
aio_suspend function, 726
aiowait function, 551-553
definition of, 552
aio_waitn function, 553
aiowrite function, 551-553
definition of, 551
aio_write function, 553
alarm function, 120, 708, 726, 734-742, 744, 765, 767, 784, 786-787, 803, 989-990, 1052
definition of, 735
alignment, memory, 94-96
alloca function, 98-99, 103
definition of, 99
allocating dynamic memory, 96-99, 618
alternate signal stack, 792-797
altzone variable, 207
American National Standards Institute, see ANSI
anonymous memory, 564, 568, 795
definition of, 568
ANSI (American National Standards Institute), 47, 1153
ANSI C, see ISO C
a.out, 41
a_perm member, 583
definition of, 581
application certification, xxxi
apropos program, 11
ARG_MAX constant, 285, 661
arguments, command line, 608-610
parsing, 110-116
array member, definition of, 895
as file, 325
as program, 4
ascftime function, 209, 214-217
definition of, 214
asctime function, 209, 213
definition of, 213
asctime_r function, 213-214
definition of, 213
assert function, 118-119
definition of, 118
<assert.h> header, 119
assertion, 118-119
definition of, 118
ASU constant, 671, 675
asynchronous function call, definition of, 952
asynchronous I/O, 294, 549-553
asynchronous STREAMS I/O, 550-551
async-signal-safe functions, see reentrant functions
at program, 813
atexit function, 285, 605-608, 639, 653, 859-860, 1014
definition of, 606
ATEXIT_MAX constant, 285
AT_FDCWD constant, 592, 594-597
atof function, 90-91
definition of, 90
atoi function, 89-90
definition of, 90
atol function, 89-90
definition of, 90
atoll function, 89-90
definition of, 90
atomic operation, 109, 125, 133, 139-141, 143, 162, 185-186, 293, 325, 515, 722, 768, 832, 855-856, 891, 903, 920, 1136, 1140
definition of, 139
AT_REMOVEDIR constant, 595
AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW constant, 594, 596
AT&T, 3, 46, 48, 1153
attropen function, 591-593
definition of, 592
a_type member, 582
definition of, 581
automatic variables, 623-626
automountd program, 12, 805
autopush program, 524
avoiding buffer overflow, 71, 74, 338-339
awk program, xxxvi, 49, 348, 662-666, 854, 1155
B
B0 constant, 477, 485
B110 constant, 477, 485
B115200 constant, 477, 485-486
B1200 constant, 477, 485
B134 constant, 477, 485
B150 constant, 477, 485
B153600 constant, 477, 485
B1800 constant, 477, 485
B19200 constant, 477, 485
B200 constant, 477, 485
B230400 constant, 477, 485
B2400 constant, 477, 485
B300 constant, 477, 485
B307200 constant, 477, 485
B38400 constant, 477, 485
B460800 constant, 477, 485
B4800 constant, 477, 485
B50 constant, 477, 485
B57600 constant, 477, 485
B600 constant, 477, 485
B75 constant, 477, 485
B76800 constant, 477, 485
B9600 constant, 477, 485
background process group, 483, 691, 787
definition of, 686
backing storage, definition of, 572
BADSIG constant, 761
base member, 401
definition of, 401
basename, definition of, 353
basename function, 353-355
definition of, 354
bash program, 6
baud rate
definition of, 484
terminal, 484-486
BAUDEXT constant, 477
BBLOCK constant, 449
BBOFF constant, 449
BBSIZE constant, 449
bc program, 49, 280, 285
BC_BASE_MAX constant, 285
BC_DIM_MAX constant, 285
bcmp function, 1049, 1053
definition of, 1049
bcopy function, 1049-1050, 1053
definition of, 1050
BC_SCALE_MAX constant, 285
BC_STRING_MAX constant, 285
becoming a daemon, 817-821
BEL terminal character, 463, 481
Bentley, Jon, xxxvi
Berkeley Software Distribution, see BSD
bibliography, alphabetical, 1153-1157
binary semaphore, definition of, 891
bindtextdomain function, 1039, 1041, 1043
definition of, 1041
blkoff macro, 448
block started by symbol, see BSS
Blowfish encryption algorithm, 244, 251
boot block, definition of, 375
boot program, 279
BOOT_TIME constant, 262, 266
Bourne shell, 6-7, 783, 1155
Bourne, Steve, 6
bracketing, privilege, 341-343
BREAK terminal character, 469-470, 475, 477, 480, 482, 487-488
break value, definition of, 616
brk function, 618
definition of, 618
BRKINT constant, 465, 467, 475, 477, 480, 498-499
Brown, Philip, xxxv
BS0 constant, 477
BS1 constant, 477
BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution), 45, 689, 720, 728, 742, 757, 999, 1047, 1049, 1131
BSDLY constant, 465, 467, 477, 482
bsdmalloc library, 100, 102-103, 106
BSD-style pseudo terminal, opening, 1004-1005
BSS (block started by symbol), 614-616
bubble sort, definition of, 68
buf member, 527
definition of, 527, 895
buffer overflow, 21, 71-72, 74, 85, 100, 166, 214, 338-339, 347, 1124
avoiding, 71, 74, 338-339
checking for, 72-73
definition of, 338
buffering, file stream, 191-194
BUFSIZ constant, 160, 193, 1015, 1027
BUF_SIZE constant, 14-15, 152, 157, 532, 933, 975-976, 1117
bufsplit function, 83-84
definition of, 83
BUS_ADRALN constant, 758
BUS_ADRERR constant, 758
Butenhof, Dave, xxxv, 16, 187, 989, 1154
byte arrays
comparing, 92
copying, 92-93
initializing, 94
manipulating, 91-94
searching, 93
bzero function, 1049-1050, 1053
definition of, 1050
C
C, ISO, 47-48, 54-55, 163, 165, 184-185, 279, 300, 380, 604, 609, 715, 732, 1104, 1119, 1156
C language escape sequences, 183
C program, memory layout of a, 613-616
C programs, compiling on Solaris, 4-5
C shell, 6-7
c2ms program, xxxvi
cal program, 1037
calendar time
converting between UNIX time and, 207-212
definition of, 201
calloc function, 97, 99-101, 103-104, 535, 859, 861, 898-902, 906, 947
definition of, 97
canonical mode terminal I/O, 462, 493-496
definition of, 462
Caren, Kathleen, xxxvi
cat program, 71, 690-691, 693, 1017-1018, 1037, 1152
catgets function, 1038, 1046
catman program, 11, 135
CBAUD constant, 465, 467, 477-478
CBAUDEXT constant, 465, 467, 477
cbreak mode terminal I/O, 463
definition of, 463
cc program, 4, 39, 55
c_cc member, 465, 469, 496-497
definition of, 465
c_cflag constant, 477-479, 482
definition of, 465
CDE (Common Desktop Environment), 3, 46, 691, 693
certification, application, xxxi
cfgetispeed function, 468, 485-486, 726
definition of, 485
cfgetospeed function, 468, 478, 485, 726
definition of, 485
cfsetispeed function, 468, 485-486, 726
definition of, 485
cfsetospeed function, 468, 478, 485, 726
definition of, 485
CFTIME environment variable, 214
cftime function, 209, 214-217, 666, 1045
definition of, 214
cg structure, 454
definition of, 454
cg_boff member, definition of, 454
cg_btotoff member, definition of, 454
cg_cgx member, definition of, 454
cg_cs member, definition of, 454
cg_freeoff member, definition of, 454
cg_frotor member, definition of, 454
cg_frsum member, definition of, 454
cgid member, 871, 873
definition of, 871
cg_irotor member, definition of, 454
cg_iusedoff member, definition of, 454
cg_magic member, definition of, 454
cg_ncyl member, definition of, 454
cg_ndblk member, definition of, 454
cg_nextfreeoff member, definition of, 454
cg_niblk member, definition of, 454
cg_rotor member, definition of, 454
cg_time member, definition of, 454
changing
character class membership, 63-64
file access time, 390-392
file modification time, 390-392
character class
changing membership, 63-64
manipulating, 60-65
testing membership, 60-63
character input, standard I/O, 164-165
character output, standard I/O, 165-166
character
reading a, 164
ungetting a, 164-165
writing a, 165-166
character string
finding the length of, 66-67
manipulating, 65-91
chdir function, 11, 339, 344-347, 382, 403-406, 726, 818
definition of, 404
checking for buffer overflow, 72-73
child process, definition of, 18, 631
CHILD_MAX constant, 285
chmod function, 339, 357, 368-370, 382, 389, 726
definition of, 368
chmod program, 363
chown function, 294, 357, 371, 382, 389, 596, 726
definition of, 371
Christiansen, Tom, 7, 1154
chroot function, 12, 344-346, 349-350, 406, 725, 825, 1134, 1146
definition of, 406
chroot jails, 344-346
CIBAUD constant, 465, 467, 477-478
CIBAUDEXT constant, 465, 467, 477-478
c_iflag member, 480-482
definition of, 465
Clark, James, xxxvi
Clarke, Dennis, xxxv
CLASS_ERROR constant, 586-587
CLASS_OBJ ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
CLD_CONTINUED constant, 758
CLD_DUMPED constant, 758
CLD_EXITED constant, 755, 758
CLD_KILLED constant, 758
CLD_STOPPED constant, 758
CLD_TRAPPED constant, 758
clearerr function, 169
definition of, 169
clear_fsflag function, 510, 546, 549, 1149
source code, 1122
cleartext password, definition of, 494
c_lflag member, 475, 479-481, 483, 493, 496, 1025
definition of, 465
cli_connect function, 940-944, 946
definition of, 940
source code, 943
client-server
applications using FIFOs, 856-863
connection functions, 938-943
CLK_TCK constant, 27, 285, 290, 320, 336
CLOCAL constant, 465, 467, 478, 709
clock function, 319, 322
definition of, 322
clock_gettime function, 726
CLOCKS_PER_SEC constant, 322
close function, 13, 30, 127-128, 154, 163, 325, 380, 524, 552, 568, 726, 939, 957, 962, 1127
definition of, 127
closedir function, 9-10, 396-399, 492, 593, 1147
definition of, 396
closefrom function, 128, 154, 820
definition of, 128
source code, 154
closelog function, 814-816
definition of, 814
Cockcroft, Adrian, 362, 1154
c_oflag member, 477-478, 480-483
definition of, 465
COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX constant, 285
Columbus UNIX, 867
command line arguments, 608-610
definition of, 110
parsing, 110-116
comma-separated value, see CSV
Common Desktop Environment, see CDE
comparing
byte arrays, 92
malloc libraries, 106
strings, 67-71
compilation environment
large file, 39-41, 129, 131
transitional large file, 41-42, 129
compiling
64-bit programs, 38-39
C programs on Solaris, 4-5
standards conforming applications, 55
Computer Systems Research Group, see CSRG
concatenating strings, 71-73
concurrent server, 863-865
definition of, 864, 953
connecting shell pipelines using FIFOs, 855-856
connection functions, client-server, 938-943
connld STREAMS module, 940-942, 944
constants, standard I/O, 159-160
controlling process, definition of, 686, 997
controlling terminal, 226-227, 250, 475, 488, 494, 632, 654, 684, 686-691, 695, 700-701, 710, 787, 807
definition of, 686
conversion specification
conversion characters, 174-178
flag characters, 180-181
precision modifiers, 178-180
size modifiers, 182-183
converting
between UNIX time and calendar time, 207-212
dates to formatted strings, 213-217
formatted strings to dates, 217-222
numbers to strings, 91
strings to numbers, 87-91
cooked mode terminal I/O, 462
definition of, 462
Coopersmith, Alan, xxxv
Coordinated Universal Time, see UTC
coprocess, 848-854
copy on write, definition of, 632
copying
byte arrays, 92-93
strings, 73-74
core file, 299, 388, 494, 705, 708, 820
coreadm program, 708, 820
counting semaphore, definition of, 891
cp program, 373, 416, 565, 591
cpio program, 49, 373, 581, 591
CPU bound, definition of, 136
CPU time, definition of, 27
CR terminal character, 469-470, 480-482, 493, 496
CR0 constant, 478
CR1 constant, 478
CR2 constant, 478
CR3 constant, 478
crack program, 1131
CRDLY constant, 465, 467, 478, 482
CREAD constant, 465, 467, 478
creat function, 126-127, 130, 139-140, 157, 357, 368, 380, 382, 389, 408, 726, 941, 959, 963, 966, 980, 1135, 1151
definition of, 127
etymology of, 127
creating
directories, 392-393
message catalogues, 1039-1041
process groups, 683-684
System V IPC objects, 870-871
temporary files, 109-110
creator ID, definition of, 871
cron program, 806, 813
crontab program, 813
CRTSCTS constant, 465, 467, 479, 483-484
CRTSXOFF constant, 465, 467, 479, 483-484
crypt function, 251-252, 254-255, 678
definition of, 251
crypt program, 687-688, 694
CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_ALLOW variable, 252
CRYPT_ALGORITHMS_DEPRECATE variable, 252
CRYPT_DEFAULT variable, 252
crypt_gensalt function, 252-256
definition of, 252
CS5 constant, 475-476, 479
CS6 constant, 475-476, 479
CS7 constant, 475-476, 479
CS8 constant, 475-476, 479, 498-499
csh program, 6, 270, 496, 611, 690
.cshrc file, 611, 679
CSIZE constant, 465, 467, 475-476, 479, 498-499
cs_nbfree member, definition of, 449
cs_ndir member, definition of, 449
cs_nffree member, definition of, 449
cs_nifree member, definition of, 449
CSRG (Computer Systems Research Group), 45
CSTOPB constant, 465, 467, 479
csum structure, 446, 449
definition of, 449
CSV (comma-separated value), 83
ctermid function, 488-489, 494-495
definition of, 488
ctermid_r function, 488-489
definition of, 488
ctime function, 209, 213, 264, 389, 1045
definition of, 213
ctime_r function, 213-214
definition of, 213
CTRL macro, 473-474
<ctype.h> header, 60
cuid member, 871, 873
definition of, 871
current directory, 11, 654
current time
getting the, 203-205
setting the, 205-206
current time zone, getting the, 206-207
current working directory, see current directory
curses library, 503-505
cuserid function, 225-227, 835, 841
definition of, 226
Cvetkovic, Dragan, xxxv
cylinder, definition of, 418
cylinder groups, 454-459
D
daemon, 805-826
becoming a, 817-821
definition of, 805
error logging, 807-817
starting only one copy, 821-824
daemon_init function, 817, 819-821, 825-826, 946, 1117, 1119, 1146
definition of, 817
source code, 818
daemon_proc variable, 819, 1119
Data Encryption Standard, see DES
data lock, definition of, 575
data segment, 613
data types
derived, 33
standard I/O, 159-160
data_ptr member, 956-957, 960-961, 974
definition of, 955
data_size member, 956-957, 974
definition of, 955
date I/O, formatted, 212-222
date program, 213-214, 263, 1037, 1152
DATEMSK environment variable, 221
dates
converting formatted strings to, 217-222
converting to formatted strings, 213-217
DATLOCK constant, 575
d_attributes member, 974
definition of, 974
daylight variable, 207
dbtofsb macro, 448, 450
dc_egid member, definition of, 969
dc_euid member, definition of, 969
dcgettext function, 1041-1042
definition of, 1042
dc_pid member, definition of, 969
dc_rgid member, definition of, 969
dc_ruid member, definition of, 969
d_data union, 974
d_descriptor member, definition of, 974
deadlock, 517-519, 599
definition of, 517
deadly embrace, see deadlock
DEAD_PROCESS constant, 263, 266-267
DEF_CLASS_OBJ ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
defensive programming, 340
DEF_GROUP ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_GROUP_OBJ ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_OTHER_OBJ ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_USER ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
DEF_USER constant, 836
DEF_USER_OBJ ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
DELAYTIMER_MAX constant, 285
demand paged, definition of, 562
denial of service, see DoS
derived data types, 33
DES (Data Encryption Standard), 251
desc_num member, 956-957, 973-974
definition of, 955
desc_ptr member, 956-957, 973-974
definition of, 955
descriptor, file, 12, 123-124
flags, 137
detached thread, definition of, 977
DEV_BSIZE constant, 458
/dev/conslog device, 808-809
developer system support software group, 4
/dev/fd file system, 156-158
device driver, definition of, 406
device independent terminal control, 503-505
device number, 407, 451
definition of, 407
major, 407, 420, 426, 451
minor, 407, 420, 426, 451
/dev/log device, 344, 808, 1146
/dev/null device, 408, 531, 672, 676, 694, 819
/dev/poll device, 54, 539, 545-549, 1015
/dev/ptmx device, 1005-1006
/dev/random device, 54
/dev/stderr device, 157
/dev/stdin device, 157
/dev/stdout device, 157
/dev/tty device, 488, 687, 694, 1025
/dev/urandom device, 54
/dev/zero device, 344, 565, 568
df program, 380, 408
dgettext function, 1041-1042
definition of, 1042
dhcpagent program, 279
di_atime member, 451
definition of, 451
di_attributes member, 971
definition of, 971
di_blocks member, definition of, 451
di_cflags member, definition of, 451
di_ctime member, 451
definition of, 451
d_id member, definition of, 974
di_data member, 971, 978
definition of, 971
di_db member, 452
definition of, 451
difftime function, 205, 210-211
definition of, 205
di_gen member, definition of, 451
di_gid member, 451
definition of, 451
di_ib member, 452
definition of, 451
di_ic member, definition of, 451
di_icom member, definition of, 451
Dijkstra, Edsger, 890
Dik, Casper, xxxv
di_mode member, 451
definition of, 451
di_mtime member, 451
definition of, 451
dining philosophers problem, 518
di_nlink member, 451
definition of, 451
d_ino member, definition of, 394
dinode structure, 450-451
definition of, 451
di_ordev member, definition of, 451
di_proc member, 971, 978, 982
definition of, 971
DIR structure, 9, 393, 396
direct block, definition of, 452
direct I/O, 155-156, 163
performance impact, 156
directio function, 155-157, 1130
definition of, 155
DIRECTIO_OFF constant, 155-157
DIRECTIO_ON constant, 155-157
directory, 7-12
creating a, 392-393
current, 11, 654
definition of, 7
home, 12, 237
parent, 344, 353-354, 388, 393
reading a, 393-403
removing a, 392-393
root, 11-12, 654
dirent structure, 9-10, 394-395
definition of, 394
<dirent.h> header, 393
dirname function, 353-355
definition of, 354
dirty buffer, definition of, 410
DISCARD terminal character, 469-470, 480
di_sgid member, definition of, 451
di_shadow member, definition of, 451
di_size member, 451
definition of, 451
disk block, definition of, 418
disk I/O, 134
disk terminology, 417-418
di_smode member, definition of, 451
di_suid member, definition of, 451
di_target member, 971
definition of, 971
di_uid member, 451
definition of, 451
di_uniquifier member, 971
definition of, 971
d_name member, 10, 394
definition of, 394
Doench, Greg, xxxvi
d_off member, definition of, 394
door_arg_t structure, 954-955, 957, 973
definition of, 955
door_bind function, 954, 962, 978-985, 1150
definition of, 978
door_call function, 953-958, 960-961, 973, 975, 978-979, 982, 985-991, 1150
definition of, 955
door_create function, 953-955, 958-959, 962-966, 971, 977-980, 983-984, 993, 1150-1151
definition of, 954
door_cred function, 968-970
definition of, 968
door_cred structure, 969
definition of, 969
door_desc structure, 956, 973-974
definition of, 974
DOOR_DESCRIPTOR constant, 974-976
doorfs file system, 156
door_info function, 954-955, 962, 970-973
definition of, 970
door_info structure, 970, 978, 982
definition of, 971
DOOR_IS_UNREF constant, 954, 971-972
DOOR_LOCAL constant, 971-972
DOOR_PRIVATE constant, 954, 971-972, 978-980
DOOR_QUERY constant, 971
DOOR_RELEASE constant, 977
door_return function, 955-957, 959-960, 962-963, 966-969, 973, 976-977, 979, 982-987, 989, 991, 1150-1151
definition of, 956
door_revoke function, 957-968, 971, 993, 1150-1151
definition of, 957
DOOR_REVOKED constant, 971-972
doors, 951-993
interrupting the door_call function, 986-989
premature termination of client, 989-992
premature termination of server, 985-989
door_server_create function, 977-980
definition of, 978
door_unbind function, 978-985
definition of, 978
DOOR_UNREF constant, 954, 962-963, 965, 971-972
DOOR_UNREF_DATA constant, 954, 962-963, 966-967
DOOR_UNREF_MULTI constant, 954, 962, 965-966, 971-972
DoS (denial of service), 337, 522, 864-865, 1133-1134
definition of, 337, 864
dot, see current directory
dot-dot, see parent directory
dp_fds member, 547
definition of, 547
DP_ISPOLLED constant, 545, 547
dp_nfds member, 547
definition of, 547
DP_POLL constant, 545, 547-548
dp_timeout member, 547
definition of, 547
d_reclen member, definition of, 394
dstflag member, 1051
definition of, 1051
DSUSP terminal character, 469-470, 480-481
dtterm program, 502, 693, 997, 999
du program, 372, 380, 591
Dunham, Darren, xxxv
dup function, 127, 136, 139-143, 158, 521, 635, 726
definition of, 141
dup2 function, 127, 136, 139-143, 726, 819, 835-836, 843-844, 851, 934, 1010, 1024
definition of, 141
DUPLICATE_ERROR constant, 586-587
duplicating
a file descriptor, 140-142
strings, 80-81
dvpoll structure, 545
definition of, 547
dynamic linking, definition of, 616
dynamic memory, 94-100
allocating, 96-99, 618
freeing, 99-100
E
E2BIG error, 877
EAGAIN error, 508-509, 511, 514, 517, 521, 876, 895, 903
EBADF error, 1150
EBADMSG error, 536
EBUSY error, 437
ECHILD error, 728, 754
ECHO constant, 465, 467, 479-480, 495, 498-499, 1014
echo program, 609, 1152
ECHOCTL constant, 465, 467, 479, 1014
ECHOE constant, 465, 467, 479-480, 495, 1014
ECHOK constant, 465, 467, 479, 495, 1014
ECHOKE constant, 465, 467, 479-480, 1014
ECHONL constant, 465, 467, 480, 495, 1014
ECHOPRT constant, 465, 467, 479-480
_edata variable, 615-616
Eeckels, Stefaan, xxxv
e_exit member, definition of, 263
EFBIG error, 40, 299
effective group ID, 23, 231-233, 341, 343, 360-361, 364-365, 393, 632, 653, 871, 873
definition of, 23
effective user ID, 22, 226-231, 233-234, 236, 277, 282, 338, 341, 343, 360-361, 364-365, 369, 391, 393, 632, 653, 678, 871, 873
definition of, 22
efficiency
I/O, 135-136
standard I/O, 194-199
EGID, see effective group ID
EIDRM error, 876-878, 894
EINTR error, 25, 27, 514, 541, 544, 721, 723, 753, 769, 876-877, 894, 986-987
EINVAL error, 528, 530, 843, 885
EIO error, 699, 712, 1004
ELOOP error, 383
EMPTY constant, 262
enabling mandatory record locking, 512
encrypting passwords, 250-256
encryption algorithm
Blowfish, 244, 251
MD5, 244, 247, 249, 251, 253
_end variable, 615-616
endgrent function, 259-260
definition of, 259
endpwent function, 240-242
definition of, 241
endspent function, 247-249
definition of, 247
endusershell function, 270, 272
definition of, 270
endutxent function, 264-266
definition of, 264
ENOENT error, 117, 139, 304, 863, 1004
ENOLOCKS error, 513
ENOMSG error, 884
ENTRY_ERROR constant, 586-587
environ variable, 111, 604, 611, 1141
environment variable, 611-613
CFTIME, 214
DATEMSK, 221
HOME, 611, 613, 678
IFS, 349
JAVA_HOME, 679
LANG, 1036-1038
LC_ALL, 1037-1038
LC_COLLATE, 340, 1037-1038
LC_CTYPE, 340, 1037-1038
LC_MESSAGES, 1037-1038
LC_MONETARY, 1037-1038
LC_NUMERIC, 1037-1038
LC_TIME, 214, 1037-1038
LD_LIBRARY_PATH, 4-5
LD_PRELOAD, 106
LOGNAME, 611, 656, 678
MAIL_USER, 834
MALLOC_DEBUG, 104
PATH, 4, 347, 349, 609-611, 656-657, 659-662, 678-679, 1047
RANDOM, 656
SECONDS, 656
SHELL, 611, 678, 1019
TERM, 656
TMPDIR, 109
TZ, 206-207, 222, 340, 611
USER, 611, 656, 678
ENXIO error, 432, 855
EOF constant, 15, 112, 116, 160, 163-165, 167-168, 172-173, 189, 191, 194, 858, 1130
EOF terminal character, 13, 250, 469-473, 480, 493, 496-497, 531, 1019
EOL terminal character, 469-471, 473, 480, 493, 496
EOL2 terminal character, 469-471, 473, 480, 493, 496
EOVERFLOW error, 40
EPERM error, 117
EPIPE error, 832
epoch, 31, 201, 203-207, 209-210, 222, 357, 387, 389, 391, 666
definition of, 27
ERASE terminal character, 469-472, 479-480, 494, 496, 1139
err_dump function, 22, 1119
source code, 1119
err_msg function, 10, 22, 1117, 1119
source code, 1120
errno variable, 10, 21, 25, 40, 89-90, 117-118, 139, 283, 290, 293, 299, 304, 311, 328, 347, 383, 395, 489, 492, 508-509, 513-514, 517, 541, 544, 699, 712, 721, 723, 725-726, 728, 748, 753-754, 769, 815, 822, 832, 841, 855, 884, 894-895, 929, 931-932, 1004
<errno.h> header, 21
error
functions, standard, 1118-1121
handling, 21-22
logging, daemon, 807-817
reporting, 117-119
err_quit function, 10, 22, 1119
source code, 1120
err_ret function, 22, 1119
source code, 1120
escape sequences, C language, 183
/etc/default/init file, 678
/etc/group file, 23, 256, 261
/etc/hosts file, 59
/etc/inet/inetd.conf file, 680
/etc/inittab file, 262
/etc/mnttab file, 417-426, 428, 435, 459, 1136
/etc/motd file, 679
/etc/.name_service_door file, 973
/etc/nodename file, 1133
/etc/nsswitch.conf file, 5, 238, 242-243, 245, 249-250, 256, 261, 285-286
/etc/passwd file, 5-6, 8, 12, 22-23, 59, 83, 234, 237, 242-243, 360-361, 403, 416, 977, 1131, 1134-1135
/etc/project file, 302
/etc/.pwd.lock file, 243
/etc/security/crypt.conf file, 251
/etc/security/policy.conf file, 251-252, 255
/etc/shadow file, 5, 59, 243-244, 249-250, 937, 1025, 1131
/etc/shells file, 270
/etc/syslog.conf file, 815, 817
/etc/syslog_door file, 973
/etc/system file, 23, 28, 275, 339, 371, 614, 874, 892, 919
/etc/termcap file, 503
/etc/vfstab file, 417, 427-432, 457
e_termination member, definition of, 263
_etext variable, 615-616
EUID, see effective user ID
events member, 543-544, 547, 1016
definition of, 543
ex program, 777-778, 782
exec function, 16, 18, 42, 49, 110, 141, 143-144, 233, 347, 382, 389, 565, 604, 607-609, 615, 618, 632, 635, 637-638, 652-663, 665-667, 670, 672, 674, 678, 680, 684, 693, 716, 735, 779, 782, 784, 822, 834, 839, 852, 932-934, 943-944, 955, 993, 998-999, 1002-1003, 1011, 1014, 1020, 1023, 1141-1142, 1147, 1150
execl function, 345, 349, 655-657, 660-661, 667-669, 673, 781, 835, 843, 851, 934, 1021
definition of, 655
execle function, 349, 656, 658, 660-661, 663, 726
definition of, 656
execlp function, 18-21, 26, 347, 349, 656-661, 669, 1024
definition of, 656
execv function, 349, 655-657, 660-661
definition of, 655
execve function, 349, 552, 656, 660-661, 726
definition of, 656
execvp function, 347, 349, 657-661, 1014
definition of, 657
exit function, 22, 163, 552, 604-607, 635, 639-641, 648, 661, 669, 672, 699, 725, 767, 776, 1119
definition of, 605
_exit function, 604-607, 635, 638-641, 669, 726, 776, 803, 1142, 1146
definition of, 605
exit status, definition of, 606, 640
exit_status structure, 263
definition of, 263
expand program, xxxvi
expect program, 997, 1001-1002, 1022, 1025, 1155
expr program, 285
EXPR_NEST_MAX constant, 285
exstr program, 1037
EXTA constant, 477
EXTB constant, 477
extended file attributes, 126, 294, 590-599
definition of, 590
extmnttab structure, 420
definition of, 420
F
f_access member, 146
definition of, 146
facl function, 581-582, 586
definition of, 581
fattach function, 938-941, 953, 958-959, 962-968, 980, 1151
definition of, 938
f_basetype member, 440
definition of, 439
f_bavail member, 439
definition of, 439
f_bfree member, 439
definition of, 439
f_blocks member, 439
definition of, 439
f_bsize member, 439
definition of, 439
fchdir function, 403-406
definition of, 404
fchmod function, 368-370, 389, 597-598
definition of, 368
fchmodat function, 597-599
source code, 598
fchown function, 371, 389, 596
definition of, 371
fchownat function, 596
definition of, 596
FCHR_MAX constant, 300
fchroot function, 12, 406
definition of, 406
fclose function, 15
definition of, 163
fcntl function, 136, 141-153, 169, 512-517, 519, 653, 726, 753, 823, 993, 1121-1122, 1152
definition of, 142
record locking using, 513-516
F_COMPAT constant, 146
fd member, 543-544, 547
definition of, 543, 930
fdatasync function, 726
FD_CLOEXEC constant, 143-144, 519, 653, 822-823, 830, 955, 993, 1150
FD_CLR function, 540
definition of, 539
f_deny member, 146
definition of, 146
fdetach function, 938-939, 962, 966-967
definition of, 938
fdetach program, 962
fdfs file system, see /dev/fd file system
FD_ISSET function, 540-541
definition of, 539
fdopen function, 162-163, 843
definition of, 163
fdopendir function, 393-394, 593
definition of, 393
fd_set datatype, 539-540, 543, 599, 1140
FD_SET function, 540-541
definition of, 539
FD_SETSIZE constant, 539, 542, 1140
F_DUP2FD constant, 143, 147
F_DUPFD constant, 143, 147
fdwalk function, 153-154
definition of, 154
FD_ZERO function, 540-541
definition of, 539
Fenner, Bill, xxxv, 556, 813, 829, 927, 1156
feof function, 168-169
definition of, 169
ferror function, 15, 168-169, 852
definition of, 169
FF0 constant, 480
FF1 constant, 480
f_favail member, 440
definition of, 439
FFDLY constant, 465, 467, 480, 482
f_ffree member, 440
definition of, 439
f_files member, 440
definition of, 439
f_flag member, 136-138, 141, 440
definition of, 439
fflush function, 162, 192, 194, 200, 698, 847, 849, 851-852, 862-863, 1002-1003, 1121
definition of, 194
f_fname member, definition of, 442
f_fpack member, definition of, 442
F_FREESP constant, 143, 147
f_frsize member, 439
definition of, 439
ffs function, 93
definition of, 93
f_fsid member, 440
definition of, 439
f_fstr member, 440
definition of, 439
fgetc function, 164, 194-195, 198
definition of, 164
F_GETFD constant, 143-144, 147, 823
F_GETFL constant, 143-144, 147, 149-151, 1121-1122
fgetgrent function, 261
definition of, 261
fgetgrent_r function, 261
definition of, 261
F_GETLK constant, 143, 145, 147, 514-516
F_GETLK64 constant, 143, 145, 147, 514
F_GETOWN constant, 143, 145, 147
fgetpos function, 184-185
definition of, 184
fgetpwent function, 242-243
definition of, 242
fgetpwent_r function, 242
definition of, 242
fgets function, 18, 25, 68, 73, 166-167, 173, 195, 198, 250, 338, 739-740, 854, 1130
definition of, 166
fgetspent function, 249-250
definition of, 249
fgetspent_r function, 249
definition of, 249
F_GETXFL constant, 143-144, 147, 150
f_id member, 146
definition of, 146
FIFOs, 124-126, 132, 293-294, 358, 371, 408, 508, 537, 854-863, 920
client-server applications using, 856-863
connecting shell pipelines using, 855-856
file, 7-12
access permissions, 362-365
access time, changing, 390-392
attributes, extended, 126, 294, 590-599
creating a temporary, 109-110
definition of, 7
locking, see record locking
modification time, changing, 390-392
pointer, definition of, 160
sharing, 136-139, 635-637
size, 371-373
sparse, 130, 185, 357, 372-373
special, 357-358, 406-409
status flags, 137, 147-150
temporary, 108-110
times, 387-390
truncation, 373
types, 357-360
file descriptor, 12, 123-124
definition of, 12
duplicating a, 140-142
flags, 137
passing, 927-931, 973-977
file offset
definition of, 128
getting the, 184
setting the, 184-185
file program, 665
file stream
buffering, 191-194
I/O, 163-168
locking, 185-191
positioning, 184-185
standard I/O, 159-160
status, 168-169
unlocked I/O, 189-191
FILE structure, 15, 109, 159-160, 199, 394, 843
file structure, 136-137, 139, 141
file system, 7-12, 374-377, 417-460
data structures, 443-459
defaults, 427-432
definition of, 8
mounted, 418-425
mounting a, 432-438
persistent, definition of, 873
status of a, 438-442
unmounting a, 432-438
filename, definition of, 8
FILENAME_MAX constant, 160
filenames and pathnames, 8
filenames, generating temporary, 108-109
fileno function, 169, 427, 923
definition of, 169
_FILE_OFFSET_BITS, 40, 129, 459
find program, 111, 590-591
finding the length of a character string, 66-67
finger program, 261, 1134-1135
FIPS 151-2, 49-50
fixed-width integer types, 34
flag characters, conversion specification, 180-181
flags
file descriptor, 137
file status, 137, 147-150
resource control, 307-308
flags member, 809
definition of, 809
F_LOCK constant, 517, 923
flock structure, 143, 145, 513-516
definition of, 143, 514
flock64 structure, 145, 514-515
flockfile function, 186-187, 189-191
definition of, 186
flushed, definition of, 192
FLUSHO constant, 465, 467, 470, 480
FMNAMESZ constant, 533
f_namemax member, 440
definition of, 439
F_NODNY constant, 146
f_offset member, 136-140
F_OK constant, 365-366
fopen function, 15, 109, 161-163, 513, 625
definition of, 161
FOPEN_MAX constant, 160, 402
foreground process group, 470-471, 473, 475, 686, 688, 690-691, 709, 711, 779, 787-788
definition of, 686
fork function, 16-20, 26, 42, 49, 139, 345, 347, 519-520, 523, 565, 569, 574, 603, 630-638, 640, 643, 645-646, 648, 650-652, 658-659, 661, 663, 666, 670-673, 678, 680, 684, 686, 693, 697-698, 716, 726, 730, 735, 779, 782, 784, 817-819, 822, 829, 831, 833, 835-836, 839, 842, 844, 851-852, 864, 868, 920-923, 925, 929, 932-934, 943-944, 950, 955, 988, 998-999, 1002-1003, 1009-1011, 1020, 1023-1024, 1139, 1143-1145
definition of, 631
fork1 function, 631-637
definition of, 631
forkall function, 633
format
conversion specifications, standard I/O, 173-183
string macros, 34-35
formatted
date I/O, 212-222
standard I/O library input, 172-173
standard I/O library output, 170-172
fpathconf function, 283, 292-295, 371
definition of, 292
FPE_FLTDIV constant, 758, 761, 763
FPE_FLTINV constant, 758, 761, 763
FPE_FLTOVF constant, 758, 761, 764
FPE_FLTRES constant, 758, 761, 763
FPE_FLTSUB constant, 758
FPE_FLTUND constant, 758, 761, 763
FPE_INTDIV constant, 758
FPE_INTOVF constant, 758
fpgetmask function, 761, 763
fprintf function, 59, 170-171, 186-187, 819
definition of, 170
fpsetmask function, 761, 763
fputc function, 165, 192, 194-195, 198
definition of, 165
fputs function, 167, 195, 198
definition of, 167
FP_X_INV constant, 763
fragoff macro, 448
F_RDACC constant, 146
F_RDDNY constant, 146
F_RDLCK constant, 514
fread function, 15, 167-168, 513, 1132
definition of, 168
free function, 94, 98-104, 107, 297, 405, 585, 588, 618, 725, 846, 889, 906, 919, 922, 949, 1133
definition of, 99
FreeBSD, 346
freeing dynamic memory, 99-100
freopen function, 162-163, 192
definition of, 162
F_RWACC constant, 146
F_RWDNY constant, 146
fs structure, 444-445
definition of, 445
FSACTIVE constant, 449
FSBAD constant, 449
fs_bmask member, 447-448
definition of, 445
fs_bshift member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_bsize member, 446
definition of, 445
fsbtodb macro, 448-449, 456, 458
fscanf function, 172
definition of, 172
fs_cblkno member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_cgmask member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_cgoffset member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_cgrotor member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_cgsize member, 446
definition of, 445
fsck program, 53, 379, 427-428, 449, 591
FSCLEAN constant, 449
fs_clean member, 447, 449
definition of, 445
fs_cpc member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_cpg member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_csaddr member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_csmask member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_csshift member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_cssize member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_cstotal member, 446
definition of, 445
fsdb program, 591
fs_dblkno member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_dsize member, 446
definition of, 445
fseek function, 184-185, 1132
definition of, 185
fseeko function, 184-185
definition of, 185
F_SETFD constant, 143-144, 147, 823
F_SETFL constant, 143-144, 147, 151, 1121-1122
F_SETLK constant, 143, 145, 147, 514-515
F_SETLK64 constant, 143, 145, 147, 514
F_SETLKW constant, 143, 145, 147, 514-515
F_SETLKW64 constant, 143, 145, 147, 515
F_SETOWN constant, 143, 145, 147
fsetpos function, 184-185
definition of, 185
FSFIX constant, 449
fs_flags member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_fmask member, 447-448
definition of, 445
fs_fmod member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_fpg member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_frag member, 446, 448
definition of, 445
fs_fragshift member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_fsbtodb member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_fshift member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_fsize member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_fsmnt member, 447
definition of, 445
F_SHARE constant, 143, 145, 147
fshare structure, 145
definition of, 146
fs_iblkno member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_id member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_inopb member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_interleave member, 449
definition of, 445
fs_ipg member, 448
definition of, 445
FSLARGEFILES constant, 447
fs_link member, 445
definition of, 445
FSLOG constant, 449
fs_logbno member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_magic member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_maxbpg member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_maxcontig member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_minfree member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_ncg member, 446, 448
definition of, 445
fs_ncyl member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_nindir member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_npsect member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_nrpos member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_nsect member, 449
definition of, 445
fs_nspf member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_ntrak member, 446, 449
definition of, 445
fs_opostbl member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_optim member, 448
definition of, 445
FS_OPTSPACE constant, 448
FS_OPTTIME constant, 448
fs_postblformat member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_postbloff member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_qbmask member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_qfmask member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_reclaim member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_rlink member, 445
definition of, 445
fs_ronly member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_rotbloff member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_rotdelay member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_rps member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_sblkno member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_sbsize member, 448
definition of, 445
fs_size member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_space member, 447
definition of, 445
fs_spc member, 449
definition of, 445
FSSTABLE constant, 449
fs_state member, 447-448
definition of, 445
FSSUSPEND constant, 449
fstat function, 7, 349, 355-357, 491, 557, 566-567, 576, 594, 726, 830-831, 972
definition of, 356
fstatat function, 594
definition of, 594
fstatvfs function, 438-442
definition of, 439
fs_time member, 446
definition of, 445
fs_trackskew member, 449
definition of, 445
fs_u member, 447
definition of, 445
fsync function, 409-410, 572, 726
definition of, 410
ftell function, 184-185
definition of, 184
ftello function, 184
definition of, 184
F_TEST constant, 517
f_tfree member, definition of, 442
ftime function, 207, 1049-1051, 1053
definition of, 1050
f_tinode member, definition of, 442
F_TLOCK constant, 517
ftok function, 868-870, 879-883, 897-903, 912-916, 926, 1148
definition of, 868
ftp program, 270
ftruncate function, 373, 389, 565-567, 823, 826
definition of, 373
ftrylockfile function, 186-187, 189, 191
definition of, 186
ftw function, 384-385, 399-403
definition of, 399
FTW structure, 400-401
definition of, 401
FTW_CHDIR constant, 400
FTW_D constant, 399-400, 403
FTW_DEPTH constant, 400
FTW_DNR constant, 399-400, 403
FTW_DP constant, 400
FTW_F constant, 399-400, 402
FTW_MOUNT constant, 400
FTW_NS constant, 399, 401, 403
FTW_PHYS constant, 400-402
FTW_PRUNE constant, 401
FTW_SKD constant, 401
FTW_SL constant, 400, 403
FTW_SLN constant, 400, 403
F_ULOCK constant, 517, 923
function
availability, 1104-1115
prototypes, 1057-1104
functions
reentrant, 725-728
standard error, 1118-1121
F_UNLCK constant, 514
F_UNLKSYS constant, 514
funlockfile function, 186-191
definition of, 186
F_UNSHARE constant, 143, 145-147
futimesat function, 596-597
definition of, 597
f_vnode member, 136
F_WRACC constant, 146
F_WRDNY constant, 146
fwrite function, 15, 167-168
definition of, 168
F_WRLCK constant, 514
G
Galvin, Peter Baer, xxxv
Garfinkel, Simson, 657, 1154
gather write, 553
gcc program, 4, 38-39, 55, 1045
Gelfenbain, Alexander, xxxv
generating temporary filenames, 108-109
Germond, Tom, 762, 1157
GETACL constant, 582, 585
GETACLCNT constant, 582, 585
GETALL constant, 896, 900-901, 906
GETALL function, 906
getc function, 164-165, 189, 195, 198
definition of, 164
getchar function, 15, 164-165, 189, 1130
definition of, 164
getchar_unlocked function, 189-191
definition of, 189
getc_unlocked function, 189-191, 195
definition of, 189
getcwd function, 403-406, 609-610, 1051, 1053
definition of, 405
getdate function, 217, 221-222, 1037
definition of, 221
getdate_err variable, 222
getdents function, 31
getdtablesize function, 301-302, 1053-1054
definition of, 302
getegid function, 232, 342, 726
definition of, 232
getenv function, 208, 611-613, 835, 841
definition of, 611
geteuid function, 228-229, 342, 726
definition of, 228
getexecname function, 609-610
definition of, 609
getextmntent function, 420-424, 427
definition of, 420
getfacl program, 580, 588
getgid function, 23-24, 232, 342, 726
definition of, 232
getgrent function, 259-261
definition of, 259
getgrent_r function, 259-260
definition of, 259
getgrgid function, 258-259, 411, 413
definition of, 258
getgrgid_r function, 258-259
definition of, 258
getgrnam function, 235, 257-258
definition of, 257
getgrnam_r function, 257-258
definition of, 257
getgroups function, 234, 236, 726
definition of, 234
gethostid function, 282, 1053-1054
definition of, 282
gethostname function, 280-282, 1053-1054
definition of, 282
gethrtime function, 29-30, 203-205, 310
definition of, 204
gethrvtime function, 29, 203-205
definition of, 204
getitimer function, 742-744
definition of, 742
getllnam function, 270
getlluid function, 273
getloadavg function, 334-335
definition of, 334
getlogin function, 224-227
definition of, 224
getlogin_r function, 224-226
definition of, 224
getmntany function, 420-423
definition of, 420
getmntent function, 420-424
definition of, 420
getmsg function, 525-527, 529-532, 534, 753, 808, 810, 812, 1026-1027, 1029
definition of, 529
GETNCNT constant, 895
getopt function, 111-114, 116, 412, 800-801, 879, 882, 887, 897, 902, 905, 913, 918, 946, 1011-1012, 1014
definition of, 112
getopt program, 112
getopts program, 112
getpagesize function, 295-296, 1053-1054
definition of, 296
getpagesizes function, 296-297, 578
definition of, 296
getpass function, 250-252, 494, 687
definition of, 250
getpassphrase function, 250-252, 254-255, 494
definition of, 250
getpgid function, 682-683
definition of, 683
getpgrp function, 682, 698, 726
definition of, 682
GETPID constant, 895
getpid function, 17-18, 30, 626, 630-631, 634, 638, 643, 698, 726, 862-863
definition of, 630
getpmsg function, 525-527, 529-531, 534, 753
definition of, 529
getppid function, 17-18, 630-631, 645, 648, 698, 726
definition of, 630
getpriority function, 1053-1054
getprusage function, 328, 331
getpwent function, 240-242, 726
definition of, 241
getpwent_r function, 240-242
definition of, 241
getpwnam function, 238-239, 254, 264, 271, 727-728
definition of, 238
getpwnam_r function, 238-239
definition of, 238
getpwuid function, 240, 411, 413, 457, 760
definition of, 240
getpwuid_r function, 240
definition of, 240
getrctl function, 304-305, 312, 317
definition of, 304
getrlimit function, 298-302, 305, 626, 818, 947, 1054
definition of, 299
getrusage function, 319, 323-324, 328, 626, 646, 1054
definition of, 323
gets function, 166-167, 338-339
definition of, 166
getsid function, 685
definition of, 685
getspent function, 247-249
definition of, 247
getspent_r function, 247-249
definition of, 247
getspnam function, 245-247, 255, 678
definition of, 245
getspnam_r function, 245-247
definition of, 245
getsubopt function, 111, 113-116
definition of, 113
gettext function, 1037-1038, 1041-1043, 1045-1046
definition of, 1042
gettext program, 1037
gettimeofday function, 29, 203-204
definition of, 204
getting
terminal attributes, 474-475
the current time, 203-205
the current time zone, 206-207
the file offset, 184
gettxt function, 1037-1038, 1046
gettxt program, 1037
getuid function, 23-24, 228-229, 342, 726
definition of, 228
getusershell function, 270, 272
definition of, 270
getutmp function, 267
definition of, 267
getutmpx function, 267
definition of, 267
getutxent function, 37, 264-266
definition of, 264
getutxid function, 266
definition of, 266
getutxline function, 266
definition of, 266
GETVAL constant, 895
getvfsany function, 428-431
definition of, 429
getvfsent function, 428-431
definition of, 429
getvfsfile function, 428-431, 455
definition of, 429
getvfsspec function, 428-431
definition of, 429
getw function, 164
definition of, 164
getwd function, 1051, 1053
definition of, 1051
GETZCNT constant, 895
GID, see group ID
gid member, 871, 873
definition of, 871, 930
GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), 202, 210
gmtime function, 208-211
definition of, 210
gmtime_r function, 210
definition of, 210
GNOME (GNU Network Object Model Environment), 3, 46, 691
GNU Network Object Model Environment, see GNOME
Goodheart, Berny, 505, 1154
goto in structured programming, 619
gpic program, xxxvi
grain variable, 101
grantpt function, 1005-1007
definition of, 1005
Greenwich Mean Time, see GMT
grep program, 1155
gr_gid member, 256
definition of, 256
gr_mem member, 256
definition of, 256
gr_name member, 256
definition of, 256
groff program, xxxvi
GROUP ACL entry, 583, 586, 589-590
group file, 256-261
group ID, 23-24, 231-234, 237, 256, 258-259, 340, 371, 451, 583
definition of, 231
effective, 23, 231-233, 341, 343, 360-361, 364-365, 393, 632, 653, 871, 873
real, 23, 231-233, 341, 343, 360-361, 365, 632, 653
supplementary, 23-24, 234-236, 256, 365, 369
group membership, 234-236
group name, 256
group set, definition of, 234
group structure, 256-259, 261
definition of, 256
GROUP_OBJ ACL entry, 583, 585, 589-590
gr_passwd member, 256
definition of, 256
GRP_ERROR constant, 586-587
<grp.h> header, 256
gsignal function, 790-792
definition of, 790
gtbl program, xxxvi
Gyger, Markus, xxxv
H
hard link, 39, 377, 382
definition of, 39, 377
hardware address translation, definition of, 578
hasmntopt function, 423-424
definition of, 423
heap, 614-615
high order word, definition of, 183
highlight function, 75, 77
source code, 76
Hill, Karen, xxxvi
hires_tick variable, 28
history of Solaris, 46-47
Hoey, Dan, 77
home directory, 12, 237
definition of, 12
HOME environment variable, 611, 613, 678
hostid program, 280
HUPCL constant, 465, 467, 480
HZ macro, 27-28
I
I18N, see internationalization
ICANON constant, 465, 467, 469-473, 479-480, 483, 493, 496, 498-499, 1025
I_CANPUT constant, 533
ic_atime member, definition of, 451
ic_blocks member, definition of, 451
ic_ctime member, definition of, 451
ic_db member, definition of, 451
ic_flags member, definition of, 451
ic_gen member, definition of, 451
ic_gid member, definition of, 451
ic_ib member, definition of, 451
ICL (International Computers Limited), 46
ic_lsize member, definition of, 451
ic_mtime member, definition of, 451
ic_nlink member, definition of, 451
icommon structure, 450-451
definition of, 451
ICRNL constant, 465, 467, 470, 480, 493, 498-499
ic_sgid member, definition of, 451
ic_shadow member, definition of, 451
ic_smode member, definition of, 451
ic_suid member, definition of, 451
ic_uid member, definition of, 451
ID
group, 23-24, 231-234, 237, 256, 258-259, 340, 371, 451, 583
job, 689-690
parent process, 17-18, 630, 646, 648, 654, 682, 693
process, 17-18, 263, 310, 312, 630, 633, 635, 644, 646, 652, 654, 682-684, 686, 693, 731, 815
process group, 632, 644, 654, 683-686, 688-689, 693, 695, 731
session, 263, 632, 654, 684, 688, 693
user, 22, 227-231, 237, 240, 269, 340, 371, 451, 583
id program, 23
idempotent function, definition of, 986
identification
system, 276-282
user, 22-24
identifiers
process, 629-630
System V IPC, 867-868
IEC C, see ISO C
IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), 48, 1154
IEEE 754, 761
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers), 48-49, 761, 1154
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), 47
IEXTEN constant, 465, 467, 469-470, 472-473, 480, 498-499
IFATTRDIR constant, 591
IFS environment variable, 349
IFSHAD constant, 581
IGNBRK constant, 465, 467, 475, 477, 480
IGNCR constant, 465, 467, 470, 480-481, 493
IGNPAR constant, 465, 467, 481-483
I_GRDOPT constant, 533
I_GWROPT constant, 534
I_LIST constant, 533-535
ILL_BADSTK constant, 758
ILL_COPROC constant, 758
ILL_ILLADR constant, 758
ILL_ILLOPC constant, 758
ILL_ILLOPN constant, 758
ILL_ILLTRP constant, 758
ILL_PRVOPC constant, 758
ILL_PRVREG constant, 758
ILP32, 32-37, 87, 289
_ILP32, 37
IMAXBEL constant, 465, 467, 481
index function, 1051, 1053
definition of, 1051
indirect block, definition of, 452
inetd program, 680, 805-806, 817, 819-820, 1146
INFTIM constant, 544, 947, 1015, 1027
init program, 262-263, 328, 331, 334, 410, 629-630, 678
initgroups function, 235-236, 678
definition of, 235
initialized data segment, 613-616
initializing byte arrays, 94
INIT_PROCESS constant, 263, 266
INLCR constant, 465, 467, 481
inode, 139-140, 358, 370, 374, 376-378, 382, 388, 448, 450-454, 869
definition of, 7
inode table, 450-454
INOPB macro, 448, 456
INPCK constant, 465, 467, 481-482, 498-499
in.rlogind program, 1000, 1026
installing 64-bit programs, 38-39
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, see IEEE
INT64_MAX constant, 34
INT64_MIN constant, 34
INT8_MAX constant, 34
INT8_MIN constant, 34
in.talkd program, 537, 637
integer type
limits, 34
fixed-width, 34
in.telnetd program, 680, 693, 1000
internal transfer rate, see transfer rate
International Computers Limited, see ICL
International Electrotechnical Commission, see IEC
International Organization for Standardization, see ISO
internationalization, 1035-1046
definition of, 1035
Internet superserver, definition of, 680
interpreter files, 662-666
definition of, 662
interprocess communication, see IPC
interrupted system call, 25, 723-724, 986-989
interval timers, 742-744
definition of, 742
INTMAX_MAX constant, 34
INTMAX_MIN constant, 34
INTR terminal character, 469-471, 473, 481, 496, 690, 1139
<inttypes.h> header, 33-35
I/O
asynchronous, 294, 549-553
asynchronous STREAMS, 550-551
bound, definition of, 136
direct, 155-156, 163
disk, 134
efficiency, 135-136
file stream, 163-168
formatted date, 212-222
memory mapped, 562-579
multiplexing, 537-549
multiplexing, definition of, 538
network, 134
nonblocking, 507-511
performance impact of, direct, 156
STREAMS, 134, 153, 159, 524-537
terminal, 134, 461-505
unbuffered, 13-14
iocblk structure, 1030
ioctl function, 153, 325, 331, 334, 425-427, 461, 465, 503-504, 507, 524, 526, 533-536, 545, 547-548, 550-551, 713, 723-724, 753, 810, 930-931, 941, 943, 999, 1008-1010, 1014, 1026, 1030, 1033
definition of, 153
_IOFBF constant, 193, 195
_IOLBF constant, 193, 196, 1054
_IONBF constant, 193
iov_base member, definition of, 554
iovec structure, 286, 553-554
definition of, 554
iov_len member, 554, 933
definition of, 554
IOV_MAX constant, 286, 554
ip STREAMS module, 534
IPC (interprocess communication), 829-993
System V, 867-926
IPC_CREAT constant, 871, 879, 897, 913, 921, 925
IPC_EXCL constant, 871, 879, 896-897, 912-913
IPC_NOWAIT constant, 876-877, 882, 884, 894, 901-902
ipc_perm structure, 871-872
definition of, 871
IPC_PRIVATE constant, 868-871, 921, 925-926, 1148
ipcrm program, 873, 884, 907
IPC_RMID constant, 878, 883, 896, 898, 911, 915-916, 921, 925
ipcs program, 873-874, 884, 890, 903, 907, 916
IPC_SET constant, 878, 896, 911
IPC_STAT constant, 878, 896, 898-901, 906, 911-912, 914-915, 917, 919
I_PUSH constant, 941, 1008
I_RECVFD constant, 930-931, 941, 943
isaexec program, 39
isainfo program, 31
isalist program, 39, 53
isalnum function, 61-63
definition of, 62
isalpha function, 60-62
definition of, 61
isascii function, 62-63
definition of, 62
isastream function, 525-526, 943
definition of, 525
isatty function, 488-491, 853, 1012
definition of, 489
source code, 489
iscntrl function, 61-63
definition of, 62
isdigit function, 61-62
definition of, 61
I_SENDFD constant, 930
I_SETSIG constant, 550
isgraph function, 62-63, 85
definition of, 62
ISIG constant, 465, 467, 469-473, 481, 498-499
islower function, 60-62
definition of, 61
ISO 3166, 1036
ISO 639, 1036
ISO 8601, 215
ISO C, 47-48, 54-55, 163, 165, 184-185, 279, 300, 380, 604, 609, 715, 732, 1104, 1119, 1156
ISO (International Organization for Standardization), 47, 1154
isprint function, 62-63
definition of, 62
ispunct function, 61-63
definition of, 62
I_SRDOPT constant, 534, 536
isspace function, 61-62, 87, 90
definition of, 62
ISTRIP constant, 465, 467, 481, 483, 498-499
isupper function, 60-62
definition of, 61
I_SWROPT constant, 534, 536
isxdigit function, 61
definition of, 61
iterative server, 863-865
definition of, 863
ITIMER_PROF constant, 742
ITIMER_REAL constant, 633, 727, 742, 744-745, 1052
ITIMER_REALPROF constant, 742-743
itimerval structure, 743-744
definition of, 744
ITIMER_VIRTUAL constant, 742
it_interval member, 633, 744
definition of, 744
itod macro, 454, 458
itog macro, 454
itoo macro, 454
it_value member, 633, 744
definition of, 744
IUCLC constant, 465, 467, 481
IXANY constant, 465, 467, 481
IXOFF constant, 465, 467, 469, 472-473, 481
IXON con